Nozzle burner



J. K. CLARK NOZZLE BURNER Feb. 3, 1953 Filed Dec. 9, 1947 I N V EN TOR.

` JAMES K. CLARK ,K BY

Patented Feb. 3, 1953 NOZZLE BURNER James K. Clark, New Hartford, N. Y., assgnor to The Partlow Corporation, a corporation of New York Application December 9, 1947, ASerial No. 790,532

4 claims. (c1. 15s-115) My invention relates generally to safety gas burners and in particular to a nozzle burner which combines the pilot flame and the main burner flame.

In prior gas burners, it has been customary to use a separate pilot llame for igniting the main gas burner. I have discovered that the separate pilot flame is a constant source of annoyance and potential hazard. In these prior gas burners, air currents can blow the pilot flame away from the main burner so as to cause the ignition of the main burner to be delayed or even entirely prevent ignition of the main burner. It has also been discovered that waving of the pilot flame will break the electrical flame circuit in a flame conductivity type of ame failure protective device and thereby cause a premature shut-down of the main burner.

Another disadvantage in the previous devices is that slight clogging or stoppage in the pilot burner, which will cause the pilot flame to be shortened, may break the electrical flame circuit and cause a shut-down of the appliance. With these conditions, the burner devices are not entirely safe, even though a flame failure protective device is used. I have discovered that the gas burner is much safer when the electrical flame circuit of the name conductivity type flame failure protective device is so placed as to contact both the main burner flame and the pilot flame. In the prior construction of the burners, this was impractical if not altogether impossible.

With these views in mind, I specify that one of the objects of my invention is to make the pilot -burner a part of the main burner.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pilot burner associated with the main burner in such manner that the pilot flame will not be blown away from the main burner name.

Another object of my invention is to provide a main burner member for projecting combustible fuel into a combustion area and a shell member surrounding the said main burner member for projecting pilot combustible fuel on the periphery of the combustion area.

A further object of my invention is to provide a pilot burner for projecting combustible fuel on the periphery of the main combustion area of the main burner. Y

A further object of my invention is to provide an electrode contacting both the pilot flame and the main burner flame to establish an electrical flame circuit through either or both of these flames.

As a still further object of my invention, I provide a pilot burner for projecting combustible fuel into the periphery of the combustion area of the -main burner to prevent the main burner flame from lifting or traveling away from the main burner. l j

Other objects and a fullerunderstanding of my invention may be had by referring tothe following description and claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 of my drawings isa diagrammatic representation of my new nozzle burner as connected to a fuel supply and controlled by flame failure protective device; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of my new nozzle burner to better illustrate the construction thereof; and, l Figure 3 is an end view of my nozzle burner. In Figure 1 of my drawings, I have designated my new, useful and improved nozzle burner by the number I0. This nozzle burner I0 includes a main burner I I and a pilot burner I2, as is indicated in Figure 2. A ame protective control device I3, illustrated in Figure 1, insures safe operation of my burner device. The main burner I I is connected to a source of combustible fuel by the fuel line I4. Similarly, the pilot burner I2is connected to the source of combustible fuel by fuel line I5. Each of these fuel lines I4 and I5 have suitable air mixture devices I8 and I9, respectively. A main burner valve I6 in the fuel line I4 to the main burner is controlled and operated by the flame protective control device I3 tc control the admittance of combustible `fuel to the main burner I I. Similarly, a pilot burner valve I1 connected in thefuel line I5 to the pilot burner is operated by the flame protective -contrcl device I3 to control the admittance of combustible fuel to the pilot burner I2. The flame `protective control device I3 may' be of any suitableconstruction commonly used for insuring safe operation of a burner device. l

The preferred construction of my new and mproved nozzle burner I0 is best illustrated in Figure 2 of my drawings. The main burner II is constructed with `a hollow support body 22 with a flange 23 on one end thereof and the main burner tube 24 extending from the other end thereof. The main burner tube 24 has :a flange 29 at the outer end thereof. This main` burner tube 24 is pressed into the hollow support body 22 and engages the stop shoulder 25 and the support surface 26. The stop shoulder 25 limits the pressed movement of the main burner tube 24 into the hollow support body 22. The support surface 26 engages the main burner tube to frictionally hold it in the hollow support body 22. I have found it advisable to provide this main burner tube 24 with a nozzle 21 to provide an orifice or port at the end thereof. This nozzle 21 is preferably supported on the end of the main burner tube 24 by bolting the nozzle 21 to a ring flange 29 with bolts 28. The fuel line I4 to the main burner II is threaded into the hollow support body 22. Combustible fuel passes from this fuel line I4 through the hollow support body 22. and into the main burner tube 24. The nozzle 21 at the end of the main burner tube 24 directs the combustible fuel through the port or orifice and into a main combustible area externally of the main burner I I where the combustible fuel burns as a flame.

In my nozzle burner the pilot burner projects combustible fuel at spaced locations on the periphery of this combustion area. I have provided a shell member 32 concentrically spaced about the main burner tube 24. In my preferred design, this shell member 32 is also supported by the hol- W support body 22 and extends beyond the nozzle 21 of the main burner tube 22. When the main burner tube and the shell member are built into a burner device as the component part thereof, the main burner tube 24 may be referred to as an inner tube and the shell member as an outer tube.

The shell member 32 surrounds, and is spaced from the nozzle 21 to provide an annular space therebetween. A pilot burner screen 33, preferably constructed of a corrugated strip of material, may be placed in this annular space between the shell member 32 and the nozzle 21. When the shell member 32 is rconcentrically spaced from the nozzle 21 the pilot name will be a concentric annular ring of flame cn the periphery of the main combustion area.

In my preferred design of my nozzle burner, as illustrated in the drawings, the hollow support body 22 has an enlarged portion 34 which extends about the main burner tube 24. The enlarged portion 34 has a shoulder 35 and a support sur- Yface 36. The shell member 32 is pressed into this enlarged portion 34 until the end of the shell member 32 engages the stop shoulder 35. The support surface 36 frictionally engages the outer surface of the shell member 32 to prevent the shell member 32 from falling out of the enlarged portion 34 of the hollow support body 22.

`I have further provided this enlarged portion 34 with a hollow cavity 31 extending internally thereabo-ut. The fuel line to the pilot burner is threaded into this enlarged portion 35 to inject combustible fuel into this hollow annular cavity 31. The combustible fuel encircles the main burner tube 24 within this hollowl cavity 3'! and passes therefrom along the space between the shell member 32 and the main burner tube 24. After the combustible pilot fuel is forced through the pilot burner screen 33 it burns on the periphery of the main combustion area as a pilot ring encircling the main burner flame.

A `conductor rod 40 extends longitudinally of the main burner tube 24 and is disposed axially therein. This conductor rod 43 has an electrode 4I which extends through the nozzle 21 and into the combustion area at the end of the main burner. The electrode 4| is disposed to provide an electrical circuit path through either the main 'flame or through the pilot name. This electrical flame path extends from the electrode 4I to the shell member 32 or to the bolts 2,8 which hold the nozzle 21 on the end of the main burner '4 tube 24. The main burner tube 24 and the shell member 32 are electrically connected together by means of the hollow support body 22. This hollow support body 22 is at ground potential as indicated by the symbol 39.

The conductor rod 40 is supported by an insulation support member 42 Vwhich engages the inside of the flange 23 on the end of the hollow support body 22. A support ring 43 is bolted to this flange 23 by bolts 44. When the support ring is drawn against the flange 23 the insulation support member 42 is locked in place. A peripheral portion 41 of the insulation support member 42 .extends between the support ring 43 and the flange 23. An end cap 45 may also be held onto this support ring 43 by the bolts 44 to enclose electrical connections onto the conductor rod 4l) and also to enclose the insulation support member 42. The electrical conductor rod 40 is electrically connected by an electric cable 46 to the control device I3. This electric cable 46 may be fastened by bolt and nut means or by other suitable electrical fastenings to the conductor rod 40. In Figure l of my drawings, I have illustrated the control device I3 as being grounded symbolically as represented by the number 48.

The electrical circuit may be traced from the control device I3 through the cable 46, the conductor rod 40 and into the electrode 4I. When the nozzle burner has a flame at the end thereof in the combustion area or a pilot flame in the periphery of the combustion area, this flame will provide an electric circuit between the electrode 4I and the bolt 23 connected to the main burner tube 24 or the shell member 32. From the main burner tube 24 or the shell member 32 the electrical circuit may be traced through the hollow support body 22 to the ground 39 hence through the ground 48 back to the control device I3. To light the burners, the combustible fuel emitting from the pilot burner into the periphery of the main combustion area is ignited by a spark between the electrode 4I and the shell 32. After the pilot flame has been ignited the control device responds to the change of conductivity between the electrode 4I and the shell 32 or the bolt 28 caused by the pilot flame and opens the valve I6 to admit combustible fuel to the main burner. I have discovered that using a ring pilot flame insures immediate ignition of the burner combustible fuel in the combustion area. Should the main burner and the pilot flame both go out the control device will automatically shut the valves I6 and I1 to prevent combustible fuel unsafely emitting into the air.

I have also discovered that the pilot ring flame on the periphery of the main combustion area will prevent the main name from lifting or moving away from the main burner tube. This moving away of the flame is due to the time required in igniting the combustible fuel after it leaves the end of the main burner tube. The pilot ring of flame insures immediate igniting of the combustible fuel and thus keeps the main flame on the end of the main burner tube.

Although I have described my invention in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form vhas been .made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. A burner, comprising a hollow body having an axis and a nozzle end, a nozzle in said nozzle end having a wall defining a concentric restricted nozzle opening, a conductor rod insulatively carried coaxial with said body, a main fuel supply line connected to the interior of said hollow body, a pilot shell carried by said hollow body concentrically surrounding and spaced from said hollow body, said shell having a llame end extending past said nozzle and substantially surrounding the periphery thereof to define with said nozzle a combustion area adjacent said nozzle, a pilot supply line connected to said hollow body and communicating with the space between said shell and said body, whereby a pilot flame will be established as a substantially annular wall of flame adjacent said shell at said flame end within said combustion area, said conductor rod extending coaxially through said nozzle opening and having a terminal end establishing a gap with one of said shell and said body, which gap is in said combustion area.

2. A burner, comprising a hollow cylindrical body having a nozzle end, a nozzle in said nozzle end having a wall defining a concentric restricted nozzle opening, a conductor rod insulatingly carried coaxial with said body, a main fuel supply line connected to the interior of said hollow body, a pilot shell carried by said hollow body concentrically surrounding and spaced from said hollow body, said shell having a flame end extending past said nozzle and substantially surrounding the periphery thereof to define with said nozzle a partially enclosed combustion area. a pilot supply line connected to said hollow body and communicating with the space between said shell and said body, whereby a. pilot flame will be established as an annular wall of flame adjacent said shell at said flame end within said combustion area, said conductor rod extending coaxially through said nozzle opening and having a terminal end in said combustion area, and said terminal end bending toward said shell to provide a gap therebetween.

3. A burner, comprising a hollow cylindrical body having a nozzle end, a nozzle in said nozzle end having a wall defining a concentric restricted nozzle opening, a conductor rod insulatingly carried coaxial with said body, a main fuel supply line connected to the interior of said hollow body, a pilot shell carried by said hollow body concentrically surrounding and spaced from said hollow body, said shell having a flame end extending past said nozzle and completely surrounding the periphery thereof to define with said nozzle a cup-like combustion area, a pilot supply line connected to said hollow body and communicating with the space between said shell and said body, means for supplying a mixture of fuel and oxygen to said pilot supply line, a pilot burner screen extending peripherally about said nozzle between said nozzle and said shell and separating said combustion area from the space between said shell and said hollow body, whereby a pilot flame will be established as an annular wall of flame adjacent said shell at said flame end within said combustion area, said conductor rod extending coaxially through said nozzle opening and having a terminal end in said combustion area, and said terminal end bending toward said shell to provide a gap therebetween less than the spacing between said conductor rod and the wall of said nozzle opening with said gap being disposed at said annular wall of flame.

4. A burner. comprising a hollow cylindrical body having a nozzle end and an open end, a nozzle in said nozzle end having Ia Wall `dening a concentric restricted nozzle opening, an insulator closing said open end, a conductor rod carried by said insulator coaxial with said body, a main supply line connected to the interior of said hollow body, means for supplying a mixture of fuel and oxygen to said main supply line, a pilot shell carried by said hollow body concentrically surrounding and spaced from said hollow body. an annular chamber in said hollow body separate from the interior thereof, the space between said shell and said body communicating with said annular chamber, said shell having a fiame and extending past said nozzle and completely surrounding the periphery thereof to define with said nozzle a cup-like combustion area, a pilot supply line connected to said hollow body and communicating with said annular chamber, means for supplying a mixture of fuel and oxygen to said pilot supply line, a pilot burner screen extending peripherally about said nozzle between said nozzle and said shell and separating said combustion area from the space between said shell and said hollow body, whereby a pilot flame will be established as an annular wall of flame adjacent said shell at said flame end within said combustion area, said conductor rod extending coaxially through said nozzle opening and having a terminal end in said combustion area, and said terminal end bending toward said shell to provide a gap therebetween less than the spacing between said conductor rod and the wall. of said nozzle opening with said gap being disposed at said annular wall of flame.

JAMES K. CLARK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 686,625 Machlet Nov. 12, 1901 1,938,852 McKee Dec. 12, 1933 2,112,736 Cockrell Mar. 29, 1938 2,241,295 Clark May 6, 1941 2,282,551 Yates May 12, 1942 2,295,885 Yates Sept. 15, 1942 2,304,200 Plein et al Dec. 8, 1942 2,318,408 Miess May 4, 1943 2,402,763 Longni June 25, 1946 

